Musika wePV muNigeria une mukana wei?
Ongororo iyi inoratidza kuti Nigeria parizvino inoshandisa simba remagetsi rinosvika 4GW chete kubva muzviteshi zvekugadzira magetsi efossil uye zviteshi zvemagetsi emvura. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuti ipe simba rakazara kuvanhu vayo vanosvika mamiriyoni mazana maviri, nyika inofanira kuisa simba remagetsi rinosvika 30GW.
Sekureva kwefungidziro yeInternational Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), panosvika kupera kwegore ra2021, simba remagetsi ezuva rakabatana negrid muNigeria richange riri 33MW chete. Kunyange zvazvo simba remagetsi ezuva ranhasi riri pakati pe1.5MWh/m² kusvika 2.2MWh/m², nei Nigeria yakapfuma mukugadzira magetsi ezuva ranhasi asi ichiri kudzvinyirirwa nekushaya simba? International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) inofungidzira kuti panosvika gore ra2050, nzvimbo dzekugadzira magetsi ezuva ranhasi dzinogona kusangana ne60% yezvinodiwa zvemagetsi muNigeria.
Parizvino, 70% yemagetsi eNigeria anopihwa kubva kumafekitori emagetsi efossil, uye akawanda acho anobva kumafekitori emagetsi emvura. Makambani mashanu makuru anogadzira magetsi ndiwo anotonga nyika, neNigeria Transmission Company, iyo yega kambani yemagetsi, ine basa rekuvandudza, kugadzirisa uye kuwedzera network yemagetsi emota.
Kambani yekuparadzira magetsi munyika iyi yakapihwa makambani ese, uye magetsi anogadzirwa nemajenareta anotengeswa kuNigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Company (NBET), iyo chete mutengesi wemagetsi akawanda munyika. Makambani ekuparadzira magetsi anotenga magetsi kubva kumajenareta nekusaina zvibvumirano zvekutenga magetsi (PPAs) uye anoatengesa kune vatengi nekupa zvibvumirano. Chimiro ichi chinoita kuti makambani anogadzira magetsi awane mutengo wakavimbiswa wemagetsi zvisinei nezvinoitika. Asi pane zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha neizvi zvakakanganisawo kushandiswa kwemagetsi ezuva nezuva sechikamu chemusanganiswa wesimba muNigeria.
kunetseka nezve purofiti
Nigeria yakatanga kukurukura nezvenzvimbo dzekugadzira simba rinodzokororwa dzakabatana negrid muna 2005, apo nyika yakaunza chirongwa che "Vision 30:30:30". Chirongwa ichi chine chinangwa chekuzadzisa chinangwa chekuisa 32GW yenzvimbo dzekugadzira simba panosvika 2030, 9GW dzacho dzichabva munzvimbo dzekugadzira simba rinodzokororwa, kusanganisira 5GW yemagetsi ezuva nezuva.
Mushure memakore anopfuura gumi, vagadziri vemagetsi gumi nemana vakazvimiririra vanogadzira magetsi emagetsi ezuva nezuva vakazosaina zvibvumirano zvekutenga magetsi neNigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Company (NBET). Hurumende yeNigeria yakazotanga mutero wekudyara magetsi (FIT) kuti magetsi ezuva nezuva awedzere kukwezva vanoisa mari. Zvinofadza kuti hapana kana rimwe remapurojekiti ekutanga ePV aya rakatsigirwa nemari nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwemitemo uye kushomeka kwezvivakwa zvegrid.
Nyaya huru ndeyekuti hurumende yakachinja mitengo yakanga yamboshandiswa kare kuti ideredze mitengo yekudya, ichitaura nezvekudzikira kwemitengo yePV module sechikonzero. PamaPV IPP gumi nemana munyika, maviri chete ndiwo akabvuma kudzikiswa kwemutengo wekudya, asi mamwe akati mutengo wekudya wakaderera zvakanyanya kuti ubvumwe.
Kambani yeNigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Company (NBET) inodawo vimbiso yechikamu chengozi, chibvumirano pakati pekambani semutengesi wechikwereti nesangano rezvemari. Chaizvoizvo, ivimbiso yekupa mari yakawanda kuNigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Company (NBET) kana ichida mari, iyo hurumende inofanirwa kupa kumasangano emari. Pasina vimbiso iyi, maPV IPP haazokwanisi kuwana chibvumirano chemari. Asi kusvika pari zvino hurumende yarega kupa vimbiso, chimwe chikonzero nekuda kwekushaya chivimbo mumusika wemagetsi, uye mamwe masangano emari ikozvino abvisa zvipo zvekupa vimbiso.
Pakupedzisira, kusavimba kwevanopa zvikwereti nemusika wemagetsi muNigeria kunokonzerwawo nematambudziko makuru negrid, kunyanya panyaya yekuvimbika uye kuchinjika. Ndosaka vazhinji vanopa zvikwereti nevagadziri vemagetsi vachida vimbiso yekuchengetedza mari yavo, uye zvivakwa zvakawanda zvegrid muNigeria hazvisi kushanda zvakanaka.
Maitiro ehurumende yeNigeria ekusarudza masisitimu emagetsi ezuva nezuva nedzimwe nzira dzesimba dzinowanikwazve ndiwo hwaro hwekubudirira kwekuvandudzwa kwesimba rakachena. Imwe nzira inogona kufungwa nezvayo ndeyekusunungura musika wekutenga magetsi nekubvumira makambani kutenga magetsi zvakananga kubva kuvatengesi vemagetsi. Izvi zvinobvisa zvakanyanya kudiwa kwekudzora mitengo, zvichiita kuti avo vasinganetseki nekubhadhara mari yekuwedzera kugadzikana uye kusununguka kuita izvozvo. Izvi zvinobvisawo vimbiso dzakawanda dzinodiwa nevanopa zvikwereti kuti vabatsire mapurojekiti uye zvinovandudza mari.
Pamusoro pezvo, kusimudzira zvivakwa zvegrid uye kuwedzera kugona kwekutumira magetsi kwakakosha, kuitira kuti masisitimu akawanda ePV akwanise kubatanidzwa negrid, zvichivandudza kuchengetedzeka kwesimba. Pano zvakare, mabhanga ekuvandudza emakambani akawanda ane basa rakakosha. Zviteshi zvemagetsi zvefossil zvakagadzirwa zvinobudirira uye zvakaramba zvichishanda nekuda kwevimbiso dzenjodzi dzakapihwa nemabhanga ekuvandudza emakambani akawanda. Kana izvi zvikagona kuwedzerwa kumusika wePV uri kubuda muNigeria, zvichawedzera kukura nekushandiswa kwemasisitimu ePV.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-18-2023
